Interactive 3D exoplanet map

Proxima Centauri b 3D Map

Navigate the closest known exoplanet to our Solar System in an interactive 3D map, then explore verified orbital data, habitability evidence, discovery history, and the questions astronomers still cannot answer.

Interactive 3D map of Proxima Centauri b

You are 4.25 light-years from Earth
Focus
Animation speed 0.35x
Real-time orbit + rotation
Labels
Orbit lines

Drag to orbit · Scroll or pinch to zoom · Select any object for verified dataVisual sizes and orbit spacing are enhanced for readability.

Distance from Earth4.25 light-years
Planet classSuper-Earth
One year11.2 Earth days
Discovery2016 · Radial velocity

Proxima Centauri b at a glance

Proxima b is a confirmed, roughly Earth-mass planet orbiting the red dwarf Proxima Centauri. It is the nearest known exoplanet, but it has not been directly imaged and its atmosphere, surface, and exact radius remain uncertain.

Minimum mass
1.055 × Earth
Estimated radius
1.02 × Earth
Orbital radius
0.04848 AU
Orbital period
11.18465 days
Host star
Proxima Centauri · M-type red dwarf
Equilibrium temperature
About 218 K · model dependent
Detection method
Radial velocity
Status
Confirmed planet

Values use the current NASA Exoplanet Catalog and NASA Exoplanet Archive solutions. “Minimum mass” reflects the unknown orbital inclination; the true mass could be higher.

In the habitable zone. Not proven habitable.

This distinction matters. The orbit receives an amount of stellar energy compatible with liquid surface water under some atmospheric conditions. It does not tell us whether water or a protective atmosphere actually exists.

What supports the possibility

An Earth-mass world at the right orbital distance

Proxima b orbits within the classical habitable-zone region of its cool red dwarf. Its measured minimum mass is close to Earth’s, making a rocky composition plausible, though not yet demonstrated by a radius measurement.

The biggest uncertainty

Flares may reshape or remove an atmosphere

Proxima Centauri is magnetically active. Frequent ultraviolet and X-ray events could erode an atmosphere and expose the surface to intense space weather. Habitability therefore depends heavily on atmospheric retention, magnetic shielding, water inventory, and climate circulation.

How astronomers found a planet they cannot yet see

The Pale Red Dot campaign detected a repeating 11.2-day Doppler shift in Proxima Centauri’s spectrum. The star moves slightly toward and away from us as the unseen planet’s gravity tugs on it—an effect measured with precision spectrographs.

2016Discovery announced after the Pale Red Dot radial-velocity campaign.
≈1.2 m/sModern solutions measure a tiny stellar velocity signal—roughly walking-speed scale.
11.2 daysThe repeating signal reveals the length of one Proxima b year.

Close in astronomy. Far beyond today’s spacecraft.

Proxima Centauri is about 4.25 light-years away—roughly 40 trillion kilometres. Light crosses that gap in 4.25 years; a Voyager-speed spacecraft would need on the order of 75,000 years if it could travel directly at constant speed.

What the 3D map shows

Orbital relationships, not literal screen scale

The model preserves the order and character of the system while enlarging planets and separating orbits so they remain visible. A physically true-scale view would make the planets nearly impossible to see beside the star.

What remains unknown

No confirmed surface image or atmosphere

The planet texture is an evidence-informed visualization, not a photograph. Scientists still need stronger constraints on inclination, true mass, radius, atmosphere, surface pressure, water, magnetic field, and climate.

Continue your journey in 3D

Move outward by scale—from our planetary neighborhood to the galaxy and nearby galaxies. Each Universe Map experience is built for spatial exploration rather than a static topic gallery.

Proxima Centauri b FAQ

Direct answers to the questions most often asked about the nearest known exoplanet.

Is Proxima Centauri b habitable?

It is in its star’s habitable-zone region, but habitability is not confirmed. We do not yet know whether it has liquid water, a surface atmosphere, a magnetic field, or a climate able to withstand Proxima Centauri’s intense stellar activity.

How far away is Proxima Centauri b?

The Proxima Centauri system is about 4.25 light-years from Earth, or roughly 40 trillion kilometres. It is the closest known exoplanet system to the Solar System.

How long is a year on Proxima b?

One orbit takes about 11.2 Earth days. The planet circles only about 0.0485 AU from its cool red-dwarf host star.

Is Proxima b bigger than Earth?

Its minimum mass is about 1.055 Earth masses. NASA lists an estimated radius near 1.02 Earth radii, but Proxima b is not known to transit its star, so its radius and density have not been directly measured.

Can we see Proxima Centauri b?

Not as a resolved planet in an ordinary image. It was detected through radial velocity—the small repeating wobble its gravity causes in the host star. The surface shown in this map is a scientific visualization.

How long would it take to travel there?

At light speed the journey would take about 4.25 years from Earth’s frame. At a speed comparable to Voyager 1, a direct trip would take roughly 75,000 years; no current spacecraft can make a practical interstellar journey.

Could Proxima b be tidally locked?

It may be in synchronous or another spin-orbit state because it orbits so close to its star, but its rotation has not been directly measured. The map’s tidal-lock behavior is therefore a plausible model, not an observed fact.

Scientific sources

Catalog values and scientific context are tied to primary or authoritative sources so readers can distinguish measurement from visualization.

Data checked July 2026. Planet textures, apparent sizes, lighting, and orbit spacing are visual interpretations; measured values are identified separately. Universe Map is an independent educational visualization project and is not affiliated with NASA or ESO.